![]() It has been shown, for example, that the administration of fluoxetine in adult rats increases the proliferation of new neurons and reduces the impact of stress on cell proliferation. The use of psychiatric drugs has an effect on the process of neurogenesis. They showed that in a group of people experiencing their first psychotic episode in comparison with the control group, the VSEL level is significantly higher. investigated the relationship between the first episode of psychosis and HSC and VSEL levels. In the study by Reif et al., it has been shown that weakening of the neurogenesis process may play a role in schizophrenia, but it does not seem to be important in affective disorders. It is postulated that the process of neurogenesis is involved in the pathogenesis of depression. Īnimal models of stress provide information on the reduction of endogenous neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. Therefore, their level in the peripheral blood can have potentially diagnostic and predictive value in any of the disorders in which there appears an increased stress level. Reports on the importance of regenerative processes in the etiology of anxiety disorders are extremely scarce, and it is worth pointing out that increased levels of stem cells are found in the peripheral blood in different models of major illnesses or deficits related to a significant level of stress (myocardial infarction, burns, inflammatory bowel disease, stroke). ![]() ![]() Association studies on candidate genes that may be associated with PD investigate, among others, COMT genes, 2 TPH, MAOA, 5-HT, 5-HTT. showed a significantly higher risk of developing PD among relatives of patients with PD. For both panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder the MZ: DZ concordance ratio was more than 2:1, Mendlewicz et al. estimated the heritability of PD at 0.48 (95 % CI. The etiology of anxiety disorders is not clear, it is believed that both environmental and genetic factors are responsible for their occurrence. In research by Grant et al., lifetime prevalence of panic disorder (PD) is 5.1 %, in the case of PD without agoraphobia 4.0 % and in panic disorder with agoraphobia 1.1 %. Panic attacks are unrelated to a real situation of threat, they appear unrelated to a known or predicted situation, between attacks one is relatively free from symptoms of anxiety. It was concluded that the study of stem cells and factors associated with their movement can be useful in the diagnostics of panic disorder, as well as differentiating between psychotic and anxiety disorders.Īccording to the current version of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), panic disorder may be diagnosed in a situation of occurrence of a few severe anxiety attacks with concurrent autonomic symptoms within the period of one month. The levels of factors responsible for stem cell movement were significantly lower in the patient group compared to the control group before and after treatment. The level of VSELs (Lin−/CD45−/CD133 +) was significantly lower in the patient group before treatment as compared to the patient group after treatment. Significantly lower levels of HSCs (Lin−/CD45 +/AC133 +) have been demonstrated in the patient group compared to the control group both before and after treatment. We examined the number of circulating HSCs (hematopoetic stem cells) (Lin−/CD45 +/CD34 +) and HSCs (Lin−/CD45 +/AC133 +), the number of circulating VSELs (very small embryonic-like stem cells) (Lin−/CD45−/CD34 +) and VSELs (Lin−/CD45−/AC133 +), as well as the concentration of complement components: C3a, C5a and C5b-9, SDF-1 (stromal derived factor) and S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate). The study was carried out on a group of 30 patients diagnosed with panic disorder (examined before and after treatment), compared to 30 healthy individuals forming the control group. In this paper we examined whether stem cells and factors responsible for their movement may serve as new biological markers of anxiety disorders.
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